History 138:  Science in the U.S.

Class 6 (9/6)
The educational impulse

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Outline Jefferson's ambitions:  a national university

Public sites
  Museums
  Popular lectures
  Reform and the educational temper
  The popular scientific press
  Democratic intentions and Whig improvement

Science in the new American college

  Denominational schools and liberal arts education
  New posts for scientists

  Alternatives to the liberal arts hegemony
    West Point
    Engineering and scientific schools

Names and Terms
Primary Secondary
Charles Willson Peale (1741-1827)
lyceum
denominational colleges
scientific schools
Scientific American (fd. 1845)
U.S. Military Academy (fd. 1802)
Rensselaer Polytechnic (fd. 1824)
Lawrence Scientific School (Harvard)
Sheffield School (Yale)
P.T. Barnum
 Andrew Jackson (President 1829-1837, Democrat)
Whig Party (1830s and 40s)
Alfred Beach
Corps of Topographical Engineers (Army)
Assignment Mrs. [Almira Hart Lincoln] Phelps, Natural Philosophy for Beginners (New York: Huntington and Savage, 1847), v-13.

 Why was this book written? What was its purpose?
 What educational theories stood behind it?
 What fields of experience counted as natural philosophy? Why do you think natural history was left out?

Sally Gregory Kohlstedt, "Parlors, Primers, and Public Schooling: Education for Science in Nineteenth-Century America," in The Scientific Enterprise in America: Readings from Isis, ed. Ronald L. Numbers and Charles E. Rosenberg (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996), 61-82. [Originally Isis 81 (1990): 425-445.]

 What social strata had access to science in this period, and in what forms?
 What material and infrastructural changes made this activity possible?
 How is this similar to (different from) the current state of affairs?
 What is Kohlstedt's historiographic position? That is, how does she situate her work in relation to what previous historians have written? What is she arguing that she thinks is new, interesting, or important?

Copyright © Cathryn Carson 2002