History 138 - Class 13

History 138: Science in the U.S.

Class 13 (9/23)
The modern university (1)

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Outline

Review: the collegiate model
Liberal arts
Impulses for change

Signs of transformation (late 19th century)
From the tutelary model to the elective system
The graduate school
A new level for higher education
Consequences for science

The research university

Connecting research and education
A new German model and its meaning
The glory, and the nagging questions: what is higher education for

The blossoming of the research university
    Johns Hopkins as signal
    Other early adopters
    The University of California

Names and Terms

Primary	Secondary
Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) Johns Hopkins University (fd. 1876) Daniel Coit Gilman (1831-1908) University of California (fd. 1868) Benjamin Ide Wheeler (president 1899-1919)	dissertation Justus Liebig (1803-1873) CA Constitutional Convention (1878) Regents Lick Observatory (1888) Phoebe Apperson Hearst (1842-1919)

Assignment

Joseph Le Conte, "Early Years in California," in The Autobiography of Joseph Le Conte, ed. William Dallam Armes (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1903), 242-265.

What can you conclude about the duties and expectations of a UC professor at this time?
What would have to change (for better or for worse) before Le Conte's institution could become the modern "research university" you now attend?