Spring 07                                            114B: Modern South Asia: MWF 10-11 am          88 Dwinelle

Prachi Deshpande

3223 Dwinelle Hall, 642-1102, pdeshpande@berkeley.edu

Riyad Koya, skoya2@berkeley.edu

 

This course will introduce students to the history of South Asia, also known as the Indian subcontinent: a part of the world that comprises the three countries of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The period covered will be the past three centuries or so, roughly 1700 - 1950. We will spend the first couple of weeks on a background of how state and society were organized before the onset of British colonial rule, in the eighteenth century. The bulk of the course will examine in detail the impact of British imperial rule from the eighteenth century onwards to the mid-twentieth century. The course will consider themes of nationalism, religious communities and caste, gender relations and imperialism. One of its objectives is to investigate the historiography of modern South Asia alongside the unfolding of historical events themselves, so we will explore both what this history has been and the different ways in which it has been written about and debated, and think about the importance of history itself in the making of modern South Asia. Besides conventional readings, we will use a variety of multi-media materials such as short stories, feature films and website content.

 

Required Texts:

·      Barbara and Tom Metcalf, A Concise History of India, 2nd revised edition, Cambridge University Press, 2006. Available at the university bookstore, and at Ned’s on Bancroft.

·      Some readings are on reserve in the library and in a course packet (CP), available for purchase from University Copy, at 2425 Channing Way, 549-2335 (in the Durant garage). Still others are available in electronic form: while some are linked below, others are available on B-space. You can also search for them in the university’s full-text library databases based on the citation information given below.

 

Course Requirements:

To do well in this course, you must attend all lectures, do all specified readings before class, and participate in class discussions. Your overall grade will be based on two 4-5 page mid-term papers (25% each) one 5-7-page final paper (30%), a map/reading quiz (10%) and energetic participation in class discussions (10%). Late paper submissions will drop a letter grade for every late day. Every attempt will be made to accommodate a documented disability, please speak with me outside of class about any concerns.

 

Please do not eat, chat or sleep in class, saunter in late or leave early without speaking with me beforehand. Please switch off all cell phones during class.

 

 

Course Outline and Tentative Readings Schedule (subject to change!)

 

Part I: Eighteenth Century Society and Politics

 

Week I:

Wed Jan 17: Introduction to themes and requirements of the course

Fri Jan 19: The subcontinent in 1707

Metcalf, Concise History, Preface, and pp. 1-28.

 

Week 2:

Mon Jan 22: Successor states of the Mughals

Wed Jan 24: Commercialization and economic trends over the 18th century

Fri Jan 26: Society and culture in the 18th century

Metcalf, Concise History, pp. 29-44.

CA Bayly, “The Eighteenth century” from Indian society & the making of the British empire (CP)

Susan Bayly, “the Brahman Raj” from Caste, Society and Politics in India (CP)

 

Week 3:

Mon Jan 29: European trade and Indian society

Wed Jan 31: European move towards political and military power, factors and features

Fri Feb 2: How a Company becomes a State: economic and political policies

Metcalf, Concise History, pp. 44-81.

Clive’s speech: http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1772clive-india.html

Burke’s speech: http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1783Burke-india.html

 

Week 4:

Mon Feb 5: Orientalism and native informants

Wed Feb 7: ‘The age of reform’ in the early 19th century

Fri Feb 9 The ‘age of renaissance’: departures and limits (Map, reading quiz)

Phillip Wagoner, “Precolonial Intellectuals and the Production of Colonial Knowledge,” Comparative Studies in Society and History, 45 (4), pp. 783-814, 2003 (b-space)

Macaulay’s minute: http://www.english.ucsb.edu/faculty/rraley/research/english/macaulay.html

Lata Mani, “Contentious Traditions: the debate on Sati in Colonial India”, from Recasting Women (CP)

 

Week 5:

Mon Feb 12: Decline alongside renaissance: peasants, urban elites and women, 1770s-1820s

Wed Feb 14: 1857: causes, patterns, effects, I

*Fri Feb 16: 1857: causes, patterns, effects, II: Discussion on rebellion historiography

Metcalf, Concise History, pp. 81-107

Rudrangshu Mukherjee, “Satan Let Loose upon this Earth” Past and Present, 128, Aug 1990, pp. 92-116, (b-space)

‘The Relief of Lucknow’: http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/india/lowell-lucknow.html          

Clips from Shatranj ke Khiladi Or Mangal Pandey

Ranajit Guha, “Introduction” to Peasant Insurgency in Colonial India (CP)

C.A. Bayly, “The Qasbah under pressure” from Rulers, Townsmen and Bazaars CP)

Gyan Pandey, “Encounters & Calamities” from Subaltern Studies III (CP)

 

Part II: Modernity and the Long Nineteenth Century

 

Week 6:

Mon Feb 19: No Class, Univ holiday

Wed Feb 21: Pax Brittanica: The Crown takes over from the Company First Paper Due in Class

Fri Feb 23: Governmentality and new conceptual categories

Metcalf, Concise History, pp. 108-114

Victoria’s 1858 proclamation: http://www.mssu.edu/projectsouthasia/history/primarydocs/Political_History/ABKeithDoc029.htm

Cohn, “Introduction,” and “Chapter Three” to Colonialism & its forms of Knowledge (CP)

Risley on race and caste: http://www.chaf.lib.latrobe.edu.au/dcd/page.php?title=&action=previous&record=1628 (pp. 489-496)

 

Week 7:

Mon Feb 26: Socio-Economic shifts and patterns in the later 19th century

Wed Feb 28: Cultural change, literary expressions and the emergence of modern identities I

Fri Mar 2: Modern identities II

Metcalf, Concise History, pp. 114-150

Sumathi Ramaswamy, En/Gendering Language: the poetics of Tamil identity, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 35, 4, Oct 1993, pp. 683-725. (b-space)

Bankimchandra Chatterjee “A history for Bengal” (CP)

Dipesh Chakrabarty, “Communal Riots and Labour”, Past & Present, 91, pp. 140-169, May 1981. (B-space)

 

 

Week 8:

Mon Mar 5: Religious communities and reform I  

Wed Mar 7: Religious communities and reform II

Fri Mar 9: Critiques of caste

Radha Kumar, “the Nineteenth Century” from A History of Doing (CP)

Excerpts from Dayanand’s Satyarth Prakash http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Ithaca/3440/chaptereleven.html

Barbara Metcalf, “Traditionalist Islamic Activism,” http://www.ssrc.org/sept11/essays/metcalf.htm

Jotirao Phule, “Slavery,” (CP)

 

Week 9:

Mon Mar 12: Bhadralok politics and the Moderate Congress

Wed Mar 14: The Extremist moment and the rise of B.G. Tilak

*Fri Mar 16 Discussion on nationalism

Metcalf, Concise History, 150-155

Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan on the Congress http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00islamlinks/txt_sir_sayyid_lucknow_1887.html

Tilak’s speech on heroes and Shivaji from Collected Works (b-space)

Dadabhai Naoroji on the Benefits of British rule http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1871britishrule.html

 

Week 10:

Mon Mar 19: Swadeshi: economic and cultural nationalism

Wed Mar 21: Morley Minto reforms & the Muslim League

Fri Mar 23: parts of film, Home and the World (Second Paper Due in class)

Metcalf, Concise History, 155-162

Radha Kumar, “Towards becoming mothers of the nation” and “Organization & struggle” from A History of Doing (CP)

Sumit Sarkar, “Two Muslim tracts for peasants” from Beyond Nationalist Frames, (CP)

 

Week 11: Spring Break, no class

 

Part III: Nation, State and Religion in the Twentieth century

Week 12:

Mon Apr 2: The First World War: fluidity of identities

Wed Apr 4: Khilafat-Non-Cooperation

Fri Apr 6 A closer look at Gandhi’s politics and thought

Metcalf, Concise History, pp. 162-185

Shahid Amin, “Gandhi as Mahatma” from Subaltern Studies III (CP)

David Hardiman, “Chapters 3-4” from Gandhi in his times and ours, (CP)

 

Week 13:

Mon Apr 9: Critics of Gandhi, and alternative visions

Wed Apr 11: Representational politics, solidifying identities

*Fri Apr 13: Discussion on communalism

Metcalf, Concise History, pp. 185-198

Ambedkar, excerpt from What Congress and Gandhi have done to the Untouchables (CP)

Pictures from Christopher Pinney, Photos of the Gods (b-space)

Pradip Datta, “Hindu Unity and the Common sense of the Dying Hindu, ” from Carving Blocs

 

Week 14:

Mon Apr 16: Communal rhetoric and organization

Wed Apr 18: The idea of Pakistan

Fri Apr 20: Urban and rural life in the interwar decades

Metcalf, Concise History, pp. 198-202

Mohammed Iqbal’s 1930 address: http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00islamlinks/txt_iqbal_1930.html

Mohammed Ali Jinnah’s 1940 address: http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00islamlinks/txt_jinnah_lahore_1940.html

V.D. Savarkar, excerpts from Hindutva (CP)

Ian Talbot, “The Growth of the Muslim League, 1937-1946” (CP)

 

Week 15:

Mon Apr 23: Shifts in global economic alignments, and Indian capitalism

Wed Apr 25: World War II: Quit India, and moves towards transfer of power

Fri Apr 27 Partition-Independence

Metcalf, Concise History, pp. 203-217

Nehru, excerpt from Discovery of India (CP)

Indivar Kamtekar, “A Different War Dance: State and Class in India, 1939-1945”, Past & Present, 171, 1, pp. 187-221, August 2002. (b-space)

Mohammed Ali Jinnah’s address to the Pakistan Constituent Assembly:

http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00islamlinks/txt_jinnah_assembly_1947.html

 

Week 16:

Mon Apr 30 Violence and memory

*Wed May 2 film (TBA)       

*Fri May 4 film (TBA)

Metcalf, Concise History, pp. 217-230 Final Paper Due in Class

 

Week 17:

*Mon May 7: last class (discussion on film)