Ph.D., Brown University
B.A., Swarthmore College
Europe since 1453; Central Europe from the late 18th century ff, especially modern Germany; World War I; Fascist Europe.
Until recently I worked on political culture, including electoral politics, in Imperial Germany and in comparative European perspective; the intersection of religion and politics; religion and society–especially Catholicism in the 19th century. I am now working on the relations (on the level of governments as well as civil society) between Germany and the Ottoman Empire from the time of the massacres of the Armenians in 1894-1896 to c. 1933.
2006 Best Graduate Syllabus in German History, awarded by H-German
1995 Best Article: Judith Lee Ridge Memorial Prize for best article by a woman historian, awarded by the Western Association of Women Historians. For "Voter, Junker, Landrat, Priest...."
1993 Best syllabus in German Studies, awarded by the DAAD
1987 Best Article on Central European History, awarded bi-annually, by the Conference Group on Central European History. For "The Kulturkampf and the Course of German History."
1985 Teaching: Flack Faculty Award for Teaching (Swarthmore College)
1984 Best Article on Central European History, awarded bi-annually, by the Conference Group on Central European History. For the "Myth of the Puttkamer Purge..." co-authored by Kenneth Barkin.
2008-2009 John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation
2008-2009 Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University
2004-05 Martha Sutten Weeks (External) Fellow, Stanford Humanities Center
2004-05 Fellow, American Council of Learned Societies
2001 Berlin Prize Fellow, American Academy in Berlin
1993-2003 Member of the academic advisory board (wissenschaftlicher Beirat) of the German Historical Institute in Washington
1996ff Member of Board of Editors of Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte
1999 Prize Committee for Book Award for German Studies Association
2000 Visiting Evaluation Committee for the History Department at Notre Dame, University, South Bend, Indiana
2003ff Member of Workshop of Armenian and Turkish Scholars
2003-06 John Tracy Ellis Dissertation Prize Committee (Chair, 2006)
2003 Director, Graduate Summer Seminar in History for the Erasmus Institute, at College of the Holy Cross, Worcester MA.
2004 Senior Fellow of Translatlantic Doctoral Seminar, Tübingen, sponsored by the German Historical Institute, Washington, D.C.
2006 Selection Panel for fellowship applications for American County for Learned Societies (ACLS)
Papers on Catholicism and the Transition to Democracy in Europe at the Universities of Passau, Eichstätt, Munich, and the Free University of Berlin (2000-01) and Notre Dame, South Bend, IN (2003); commentary on three papers on Catholic Cultural Engagement at Home, Parish, and Workplace in early 20th century Germany, Catholic Historical Association annual meeting (2000); commentary on papers on Protestant Teachings about the Jews in Germany at the Conference on Christian Teachings about the Jews: National Comparisons in the Shadow of the Holocaust (sponsored by the National Holocaust Center and Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte) at Pacific Lutheran University (2002); commentary on four papers at the conference on Alternate Master Narratives of Religion in the Modern World, University of Amsterdam (2004); commentary on Catholics, anti-Racism and Mission to the Jews, 1933-65, Berkeley History Department Colloquium (2010); commentary on paper on Mendelssohn's Grandmother, the Bach revival and the Berlin Sing-Akademie at the Palais Bellevue, Berlin (2001).
Papers on democracy, democratic transitions, Imperial Germany: "What Do Democracies Really Want?" International Conference on Democracy, the Economy, and the Middle Class, Strassler Center for Holocaust & Genocide Studies, Clark University (2004); "Culture Wars and Electoral Politics," Election Watch Seminar, Center for the Advanced Study of the Behaviorial Sciences, Stanford University (2008); "How One Authoritarian State (Germany 1871-1914) Made the Transition to Democracy - Or did it?" for the "Democracy in Hard Places" series at the Ash Institute for Democratic Governance and Innovation, Harvard Kennedy School (2010); "How important was Bismarck? Views of Contemporaries and Historians?' at Festkolloquium on Bismarck honoring Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Josef Becker, University of Augsburg (2011).
Commentaries on papers on mass violence: at the Mellon Seminars on Mass Violence and Genocide, Institute for the Study of the Behavioral Sciences–Stanford University (2005, 2006); on three papers for the presidential session, "History as Recrimination," at the American Historical Association (2009).
Papers on the Armenian Genocide: "The Enemy is at Home: Turks and Armenians in 1915," annual conference of the Great War Society, Kansas City (2004); "What does the Historiography of the Shoah Offer to the Historians of the Armenian Genocide?" for symposium on "The Past as Present: Representations and Consequences of the Armenian Genocide," UC-Berkeley (2005); "Armenian Blood and the German Conscience," at the American Academy in Berlin and at the Deutsch-Armenische Gesellschaft, Free University-Berlin (2001); "The Armenian Genocide: A German Story," Gonville and Gaius College, Cambridge University (2001), Sawyer Seminar on Mass Killing at the Center for Advanced Study of the Behaviorial Sciences–Stanford University, the Seminar on Genocide, Yale University (2002), and the Workshop of Armenian and Turkish Scholars, University of Minnesota (2003); "Geopolitics and Brotherly Love: Germany between Turks and Armenians, 1895-1916," American Historical Association annual meeting (2005); "Germany and the Armenian Genocide," at the Stanford Humanities Center (2005); "'Hinten, weit, in der Türkei': Orientalism and Human Rights in Wilhelmine Germany," keynote address at Conference on "Visions of the East: Orientalism and German National Culture," University of Toronto (2004) and at UC-San Diego, Minda de Gunzberg Center–Harvard University, the Borderlands Workshop on Anatolia, Eastern Europe, Caucasus, and Central Asia–Stanford University, the Institute of Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies' Carnegie Seminar on Extremism in the New Eurasia–UC Berkeley (all 2006), Georgetown University (2007); "The Limits of Coercive Diplomacy: Germany between Turks and Armenians, 1896-1918," Center for European Studies, Harvard-in-Berlin (2007); "Hell to Pay: The German Empire and Europe's First Genocide," Center for Advanced Study of the Behaviorial Sciences–Stanford University (2009); "'Jäckh of the Türks:' Portrait of an Enabler," conference on "The State of the Art in Armenian Genocide Research," Strassler Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies," Clark University (2010); "Who Still Talked about the Extermination of the Armenians? German Talk and German Silences," the Gerald D. Feldman Memorial Lecture, German Historical Institute–Washington, D.C. (2011).
Married: to James J. Sheehan, an historian at a competing institution
One daughter: Sarah Elizabeth Raff, Assistant Professor of English and Comparative Literature, Pomona College, Claremont, CA
History 5: The Making of Modern Europe, 1453 to the Present (Fall 2005, Spring 2007 , Spring 2008, Fall 2009)
History 39: World War I in Experience & Memory (Fall 2003)
History 103: World War I in Experience & Memory (Fall 2006)
History 167B: The Rise and Fall of the Second Reich (Spring 2010)
History 275B: Europe in the Long 19th Century (Fall 2006, Fall 2009)
History 280U: Germany and Russia Together Again with Reginald E. Zelnik (Spring 2004)
History 280B: World War One: Crucible of the 20th Century (Spring 2006)
History 280U: History and Historiography of the German Question (Variously)
History 285B: Research in German and in European History
Windthorst: A Political Biography. Oxford University Press, 1981.
Windthorst: Zentrumspolitiker und Gegenspeiler Bismarcks. Droste, 1988.
Practicing Democracy: Elections and Political Culture in Imperial Germany. Princeton University Press, 2000.
Lehrjahre der Demokratie. Wahlen und Politische Kultur im deutschen Kaiserreich. Steiner Verlag, 2009.
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Demokratie auf schwierigem Pflaster. Wie das deutsche Kaiserreich demokratisch wurde, in Logos im Dialogos. Auf der Suche nach der Orthodoxie. Gedenkschrift für Hermann Goltz (1946-1910), ed. by Anna Briskina-Müller, Armenuhi Drost-Abgarjan, and Axel Meißner (LIT, November 2011, 247-64.
Who Still Talked about the Extermination of the Armenians? Imperial Germany and the Armenian Genocide, Bulletin of the German Historical Institute (Washington, D.C.),Fall 2001. http://www.ghi-dc.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=89&It...
German History Beyond National Socialism: Forum (one of 5 contributers), in German History 29/3 (September 2011): 470-484.
Who Still Talked about the Extermination of the Armenians? German Talk and German Silences, in A Question of Genocide: Armenians and Turks at the End of the Ottoman Empire, ed. by Norman Naimark, Ronald Grigor Suny, and Fatma Müge Göçek (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, Feb. 2011), 199- 220; footnotes 372-379. (A longer, somewhat different version of the above, with more documentation).
"Down in Turkey Far Away": Human Rights, the Armenian Massacres, and Orientalism in Wilhelmine Germany. Journal of Modern History, 79/1 (March 2007): 80-113
Germany and the Armenian Genocide: An interview with Margaret Anderson, by Khatchig Mouradian. The Armenian Weekly, November 11, 2006. www.armenianweekly.com, http://www.zcommunications.org/germany-and-the-armenian-genocide-by- khatchig-mouradian. Republished in journals in Armenian, Italian, Spanish, French, and German; and posted on the homepage of the website of the Lepsius Haus, Potsdam, Germany.
Ludwig Windthorst: (17 January 1812–15 March 1891), Europe 1789-1914: Encyclopedia of the Age of Industry and Empire, ed. by John Merriman and Jay Winter (Scriber Library of Modern Europe, Detroit, 2006) European History): 123-127.
How German is It? German History 24/1 (Jan. 2006): 123-127.
A German Way of War? German History 22/2 (May 2004): 254-258. Reprinted in Relevance. The Quarterly Journal of the Great War Society 14/1 (Winter 2005):22-24.
Reply to Volker Berghahn, Central European History 35/1 (Feb. 2002): 83-91.
Afterword: Living Apart and Together in Germany, in Helmut Walser Smith, ed., Protestants, Catholics, and Jews in Germany 1800-1914(Oxford: Berg, 2001), 319-332.
From Syllabus to Shoah? Central European History 34/2 (2001): 231-238.
The Divisions of the Pope: The Catholic Revival and Europe's Transition to Democracy, in Austen Ivereigh, ed., The Politics of Religion in an Age of Revival (ILAS 19th Century Latin America Series, No. 5: London, 2000), 22-42. A Spanish translation was published in the journal of the Columbian Historical Association, Historia y Sociedad 6 (Dec. 1999): 59-84.
Clerical Election Influence and Communal Solidarity: Catholic Political Culture in the German Empire, 1871-1914, in Eduardo Posada-Carbó, ed., Elections before Democracy. Essays on the Electoral History of Latin America & Europe (Macmillan: NY, London, 1996), 139-162.
The Limits of Secularization: On the Problem of the Catholic Revival in 19th Century Germany, Historical Journal, 38, 3, 1995: 647-670.
Die Grenzen der Säkularisierung. Zur Frage des katholischen Aufschwungs in Deutschland des 19. Jahrhunderts, in Hartmut Lehmann, ed., Säkularisierung, Dechristianisierung, Rechristianisierung im neuzeitlichen Europa. Bilanz und Perspektiven der Forschung(Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht: Göttingen, 1997), 194-222. An earlier version of "The Limits," above.
Ludwig Windthorst (1812-1891), Encyclopedic History of Modern Germany, 1995.
Voter, Junker, Landrat, Priest: The Old Authorities and the New Franchise in Imperial Germany, 1871-1914, American Historical Review98/5 (Dec. 1993): 1448-74.
Liberalismus, Demokratie und die Entstehung des Kulturkampfes, in R. Lill and F. Traniello, eds., Der Kulturkampf in Italien und in den deutschsprachigen Ländern [Schriften des Italienisch-Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Trient, Bd. 5] (Duncker & Humboldt: Berlin, 1993): 109-27. Also published in Jahrbuch des italienisch-deutschen historischen Instituts in Trient 40 (Bologna, 1992).
Liberalismo, democrazia e nascita del 'Kulturkampf,' Annali dell' Istituto storico italo-germanico in Trento (Bologna, 1992), Quaderno 30: 137-163. An Italian translation of the above.
History in the Comic Mode: Jonathan Sperber's 1848, Central European History 25/3 (1992): 333-42.
Piety and Politics: Recent Work in German Catholicism, Journal of Modern History (Dec. 1991): 681-716.
Würdigung [Afterword], Ludwig Windthorst 1812-1891. Christlicher Parlamentarier und Gegenspieler Bismarcks. Begleitbuch zur Gedenkausstellung aus Anlaß des 100. Todestages (Meppen, 1991): 104-106. [Catalogue to traveling exhibition in Germany.]
Inter-denominationalism, Clericalism, Pluralism: The Zentrumsstreit and the Dilemma of Catholicism in Wilhelmine Germany, Central European History 21/4 (1990): 350-378.
Der Mythos der Puttkamer-'Säuberung' und die Realität des Kulturkampfes: Einige Überlegungen Geschichtsschreibung über das kaiserliche Deutschland, with K. Barkin, Historisches Jahrbuch 109. Jg, Zweiter Halbband (1989): 452-498. A German translation of "The Myth of the Puttkamer Purge...." below.
Windthorsts Erben: Konfessionalität und Interkonfessionalismus im politischen Katholizismus, 1890-1918, in Christliche Demokratie in Europa. Grundlagen und Entwicklungen seit dem 19. Jahrhundert, ed. by Winfried Becker and Rudolf Morsey (Böhlau: Cologne, 1988), 69-90. An earlier, shorter version of "Inter-denominationalism," above.
The Kulturkampf and the Course of German History, Central European History 19/1 (1986): 82-115.
The Myth of the Puttkamer Purge and the Reality of the Kulturkampf: Some Reflections on the Recent Historiography of Imperial Germany, with Kenneth Barkin, Journal of Modern History (Dec. 1982): 647-686.
